Introduction
The rudiments of the international system of law, international relations and institutions began to take shape in Antiquity.
The evolution of international organizations (IOs), in the modern sense of this term, can be divided into three phrases. The first phase started with the Congress of Vienna (1814–15), which set in motion a series of innovations, inventions, and learning processes, shaping the core of what we now call IOs.
The second phase of international organization in the nineteenth century is characterized by the building of permanent institutions. This is reflected in the new and dominant term “union” for organization. The term “public international union” (PIU) became the overarching term for the by intergovernmental organizations (IGOs) of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. PIUs have been regarded as “early IGOs” which later transformed into specialized agencies of the UN system, with their subdivisions as institutional prototypes for the League of Nations and the UN.
The third phase of international organization is the continued existence of IOs during the first half of the twentieth century.
History and genesis of International institutions and organizations from ancient times to 19th century inclusive and start of 20th century
The study of the history of the development of international institutions in historical retrospect seems to the author of this essay to be an extremely relevant and up-to-date topic.
The first international institutions in their embryonic state were formed simultaneously with the formation of societies and the emergence of states.
Scientists today offer the following periodization of the history of international law and the formation of international institutions as its result:
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