Human Rights.
Starting up
1. Answer the questions. Write down 5-7 sentences.
a) The exact time is one of the disputed questions. Human rights are considered to have been first explicitly written down in the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen in 1789, a document from the French Revolution. But some concepts of human rights had been already stated in the Magna Carta in 1215 and in the Virginia Declaration of Rights in 1776.
b) The notion of human rights comes from ideas found in religion and philosophy in Western Europe. So, the idea of human rights was developed there in the Age of Enlightment during the 17th and 18th century.
2. Read the quotation from the Magna Carta and answer the questions below. Write down 10-12 sentences, translate them into Russian.
a) This extract from the Magna Carta covers such human rights as the right to liberty, the right to own property, the right to a fair trial. Besides, the prohibition to expel people protects the right to be a citizen of a country and the right to housing. – Этот отрывок из Великой хартии вольностей охватывает такие права человека как право на свободу, право обладать собственностью, право на честный суд. Кроме того, запрет на высылку людей защищал право быть гражданином страны и право на жилище.
b) Yes, there is. This document speaks only of free men, which exсludes serfs and slaves from it. The serfs were not free and usually had no right to own property because the land, cattle, tools and other things belonged to their lords. So, it didn’t make sense to mention the serfs. As for slaves, they were the most discriminated group who had lost all their rights. – Да, есть. В документе говорится только о свободных людях, что исключает из него крепостных и рабов. Крепостные не были свободны и обычно не имели права собственности,
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